2008年4月5日星期六

域陀‧雨果如是說


讀過歐洲史的人都聽過在一八一五年六月十八日發生的滑鐵盧戰役。睥睨天下的拿破崙在此役敗戰,改變了歷史的進程。戰後不久,為了紀念兒子奧蘭治親王 (Prince of Orange) 在此戰受傷,荷蘭國王威廉一世在滑鐵盧動土,堆了一座後世名為「獅子丘」(Lion's Hillock) 的小丘,並在其上豎立一塊紀念碑。文學家雨果在《悲慘世界》(或譯《孤星淚》)中如是說:
Every one is aware that the variously inclined undulations of the plains, where the engagement between Napoleon and Wellington took place, are no longer what they were on June 18, 1815. By taking from this mournful field the wherewithal to make a monument to it, its real relief has been taken away, and history, disconcerted, no longer finds her bearings there. It has been disfigured for the sake of glorifying it. Wellington, when he beheld Waterloo once more, two years later, exclaimed, "They have altered my field of battle!"

眾所週知,拿破崙和威靈頓交鋒的那片如波浪般起伏、傾斜度不一的草原,已不再是一八一五年六月十八日時的模樣了。為了堆一個紀念墩,那悲慘戰場上的高土被削平,歷史失了憑藉,再找不到她在那戰場上的位置。為了稱頌她,反而毀了她本來的面貌。兩年後,當威靈頓重睹滑鐵盧,不禁嘆喟:「他們把我的戰場改變了!」

— Victor Hugo, Les Miserables, vol. II, book 1st, ch. 7
Reference: Wikipedia - Battle of Waterloo.

(The above photo:
Lions' Hillock, Waterloo, Belgium — commemorative monument of the Battle of Waterloo standing on the spot where the Prince of Orange was wounded during the fight. Photographer and lisensor: Jean-Pol Grandmont. The photo is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License.)

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